Work

The present work is dedicated to problems solutions, which are of importance for the world – creation and development of effective technologies for transesterification (for biodiesel fuel production), benzoin condensation, ketone reduction and coupling of azides with alkynes (for the preparation of pharmaceutical substances). It is known, that above mentioned technological processes have a number of disadvantages. Carbenes and carbene metal complexes allow to avoid some of them. The ways of application of carbenes and carbene complexes with transition metals salts in the indicated reactions are considered and justified in the present work. The obtained results in catalytic efficiency are significantly higher, than ones known in literature (the efficiency of the best new found catalysts of transesterification exceeds the literature level in 20-35 times, and ketone reduction – in 8-80 times). Perspective heterogeneous polymeric catalysts of cycloaddition of azides to acetylenes, which can be used many times (about 10 cycles without loss of activity) have been found. The study of the influence of catalysts molecular structure on their catalytic efficiency has been carried out. It induces conditions for the further development of study in the direction of searching more efficient catalysts. In general the work must be a significant contribution to the solution of actual nowadays problems – biodiesiel fuel and pharmaceutical substances production. The obtained results allow to pass into their implementation in industry.