Work

Foundry production of steel castings as a fast way to obtain cast billets and products of various sizes and shapes plays an important role in modern mechanical engineering, since it excludes labor-intensive and energy-intensive operations of heat treatment and mechanical cutting from the technological cycle, significantly reduces the cost of finished products. However, cast products made according to the existing technological modes are inferior in properties to products made from thermally hardened rolled products, which is associated with the development of physical and chemical liquation, transcrystallization and porosity in them. And therefore, the study of the processes of crystallization and structure formation under the conditions of temperature-time treatment and the development of new technological solutions for obtaining cast products with properties at the level of products made from thermally hardened rolled products is an extremely urgent problem. Among modern methods of solving the problem of developing liquation processes and inhomogeneities in cast products methods of external influence on liquid and solidifying metals, methods involving modification surface active additives and additives that promote heterogeneous nucleation, methods of application of the modes of thermal treatment, jet formation, suspension casting. Methods of external influence require special equipment and significant energy consumption, which significantly increases the cost of cast products. A poorly studied, promising and economically feasible direction for the production of cast steel products is the control of crystallization and structure formation processes by changing the temperature-kinetic parameters in the pre-crystallization period and in the temperature range of solid-phase transformations. Also, the proposed direction of technological solutions provides for the possibility of using secondary charge materials and improving the environmental conditions of production.