In 1960, Ukr. Res. Inst. of Experimental and Clinical Oncology of the MH of Ukraine was founded on the initiative of Acad. RE Kavetsky. In 1971, the Inst. was renamed into the Inst. of Oncology and transferred to the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. In 1979, after the death of the first director, Acad. RE Kavetsky, the Inst. was named after him. In 1990, due to radiobiology issues spreading, the Inst. was renamed into Inst. of Oncology and Radiobiology, later on – the RE Kavetsky Inst. of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology of NAS of Ukraine (IEPOR). Since 1994, IEPOR is the only one Ukr. member of the OECI. IEPOR consists of 7 departments and 6 labs. Research are aimed at: identifying regulatory molecules that play important role in the transformation of normal cells into malignant; study of tumor cells biology and their microenvironment for correction "tumor-host" relationship; creation of fundamental basis for targeted transport systems’ usage for anticancer drugs to increase therapy effectiveness and overcome drug resistance; development of novel technologies of early and differential diagnosis of oncohematological diseases; search for new approaches to increase sorption detoxification efficacy; development of highly sensitive diagnostic methods and effective methods of therapy based on nano- and biotechnologies. IEPOR includes the Cell Bank of Human and Animal Tissue Lines - unique collection (34,000 cell lines, tumor strains, hybridomas), which has the status of National Heritage of Ukraine; vivarium (1500 animals); CCUSE; Expertise Center for determination of carcinogenic factors and mol.-biol. markers of tumor growth. In 2016, IEPOR received License to carry out educational activities for scientific personnel training through doctoral and postgraduate studies (in Biology, Medicine, specialization - Oncology). IEPOR issues journals: Experimental Oncology (cat. A; indexed in Scopus db, etc) and Oncology.